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members of a Catharistic sect in the south of France that arose in the 11th century and was exterminated in the 13th century by a crusade (Albigensian Crusade) and the Inquisition.
Historical Examples

It is important to distinguish clearly this Waldensian movement from the so-called albigensian one.
The Influence of the Bible on Civilisation Ernst Von Dobschutz

The albigensian Crusade is no isolated page in the annals of the Midi.
How France Built Her Cathedrals Elizabeth Boyle O’Reilly

The albigensian wars were the most successful attempt to extirpate heresy known in history.
Medival Heresy and the Inquisition A. S. Turberville

The immediate purpose of their Order was resistance to the albigensian heresy.
Education in England in the Middle Ages Albert William Parry

He at once threw himself into his rude task with an energy that showed him to be a true son of the albigensian crusader.
The History of England T.F. Tout

The Jews, on their side, marked this year of the albigensian crusade as a “year of mourning.”
History of the Jews, Vol. III (of 6) Heinrich Graetz

With the death of Simon de Montfort the albigensian wars changed in character.
How France Built Her Cathedrals Elizabeth Boyle O’Reilly

Here it was that Dominic got his first view of the aggressive albigensian heretics.
The Rise of the Mediaeval Church Alexander Clarence Flick

The pious Simon de Montfort thus consulted the “sacred lots” ere taking the cross for the albigensian crusade.
Life on a Mediaeval Barony William Stearns Davis

For the next ten years he was more or less concerned with the hideous atrocities of the albigensian war.
The Coming of the Friars Augustus Jessopp

plural noun
members of a Manichean sect that flourished in S France from the 11th to the 13th century

c.1600, “relating to the Albigenses,” Catharist religious reformers of southern France c.1020-1250, Medieval Latin Albigenses (12c.), from French Albi, name of the town in Languedoc where they lived and were first condemned as heretics (1176). The town name is from Roman personal name Albius, from Latin albus “white” (see alb).