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any fungus of the phylum Ascomycota (or class Ascomycetes), including the molds and truffles, characterized by bearing the sexual spores in a sac (as distinguished from basidiomycete).
Historical Examples

The ascomycetes contain an immense number of species, and in general terms we might say that they are found everywhere.
Fungi: Their Nature and Uses Mordecai Cubitt Cooke

They are nearly the equivalent of Basidiomycetes and ascomycetes.
Student’s Hand-book of Mushrooms of America, Edible and Poisonous Thomas Taylor

In systematic works, these are included under two orders, the Physomycetes and the ascomycetes.
Fungi: Their Nature and Uses Mordecai Cubitt Cooke

The Sporidiferous fungi are represented by the families Physomycetes and ascomycetes.
Student’s Hand-book of Mushrooms of America, Edible and Poisonous Thomas Taylor

The same functions of storage in advance of fructification are also exercised by the stromata so common in ascomycetes.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 3 Various

Ascus, the club-shaped body which bears the spores inside (characteristic of the ascomycetes).
Studies of American Fungi. Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc. George Francis Atkinson

Another very large group of fungi is the ascomycetes, or sac fungi.
The Mushroom, Edible and Otherwise M. E. Hard

ascomycetes, or Spore sac fungi, where the spores are produced in delicate sacs called asci.
Among the Mushrooms Ellen M. Dallas and Caroline A. Burgin

The first of these is known as the ascomycetes (Sac fungi), the other the Basidiomycetes (mushrooms, puff-balls, etc.).
Elements of Structural and Systematic Botany Douglas Houghton Campbell

Eremascus and Dipodascus, which are often placed among the Hemiasci, possibly do not belong to the ascomycetes series at all.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 3 Various

noun
any fungus of the phylum Ascomycota (formerly class Ascomycetes) in which the spores (ascospores) are formed inside a club-shaped cell (ascus). The group includes yeast, penicillium, aspergillus, truffles, and certain mildews

Ascomycetes As·co·my·ce·tes (ās’kō-mī-sē’tēz’)
n.
A class of fungi characterized by the presence of asci and spores, and having two distinct reproductive phases, a perfect stage and an imperfect stage.

ascomycete as·co·my·cete (ās’kō-mī’sēt’, -mī-sēt’)
n.
A member of the class Ascomycetes.
ascomycete
(ās’kō-mī’sēt’)
Any of various fungi belonging to the phylum Ascomycota, characterized by the presence of sexually produced spores formed within an ascus. Like most fungi, ascomycetes also reproduce asexually by the formation of nonsexual spores called conidia at the ends of filaments known as hyphae. Yeasts, many molds that cause food spoilage, and the edible fungi known as morels and truffles, are ascomycetes. A number of serious plant diseases, including ergot, the powdery mildews that attack fruit, and Dutch elm disease, are also caused by ascomycetes.