Dwarves

[dwawrvz] /dwɔrvz/

noun
1.
a plural of .
[dwawrf] /dwɔrf/
noun, plural dwarfs, dwarves.
1.
a person of abnormally small stature owing to a pathological condition, especially one suffering from cretinism or some other disease that produces disproportion or deformation of features and limbs.
2.
an animal or plant much smaller than the average of its kind or species.
3.
(in folklore) a being in the form of a small, often misshapen and ugly, man, usually having magic powers.
4.
Astronomy. .
adjective
5.
of unusually small stature or size; diminutive.
verb (used with object)
6.
to cause to appear or seem small in size, extent, character, etc., as by being much larger or better:
He dwarfed all his rivals in athletic ability.
7.
to make dwarf or ; prevent the due development of.
verb (used without object)
8.
to become stunted or smaller.
/dwɔːf/
noun (pl) dwarfs, dwarves (dwɔːvz)
1.
an abnormally undersized person, esp one with a large head and short arms and legs Compare midget
2.

3.
(in folklore) a small ugly manlike creature, often possessing magical powers
4.
(astronomy) short for dwarf star
verb
5.
to become or cause to become comparatively small in size, importance, etc
6.
(transitive) to stunt the growth of
n.

Old English dweorh, dweorg (West Saxon), duerg (Mercian), “very short human being,” from Proto-Germanic *dweraz (cf. Old Frisian dwerch, Old Saxon dwerg, Old High German twerg, German Zwerg, Old Norse dvergr), perhaps from PIE *dhwergwhos “something tiny,” but with no established cognates outside Germanic. The mythological sense is 1770, from German (it seems never to have developed independently in English).

Whilst in this and other ways the dwarfs do at times have dealings with mankind, yet on the whole they seem to shrink from man; they give the impression of a downtrodden afflicted race, which is on the point of abandoning its ancient home to new and more powerful invaders. There is stamped on their character something shy and something heathenish, which estranges them from intercourse with christians. They chafe at human faithlessness, which no doubt would primarily mean the apostacy from heathenism. In the poems of the Mid. Ages, Laurin is expressly set before us as a heathen. It goes sorely against the dwarfs to see churches built, bell-ringing … disturbs their ancient privacy; they also hate the clearing of forests, agriculture, new fangled pounding-machinery for ore. [“Teutonic Mythology,” Jacob Grimm, transl. Stallybrass, 1883]

The shift of the Old English guttural at the end of the word to modern -f is typical (cf. enough, draft). Old English plural dweorgas became Middle English dwarrows, later leveled down to dwarfs. The use of dwarves for the legendary race was popularized by J.R.R. Tolkien. As an adjective, from 1590s.

v.

“to render dwarfish,” 1620s, from dwarf (n.); sense of “to cause to look small” is from 1850. Related: Dwarfed; dwarfing.

dwarf (dwôrf)
n. pl. dwarfs or dwarves (dwôrvz)
An abnormally small person, often having limbs and features not properly proportioned or formed.
dwarf
(dwôrf)

a lean or emaciated person (Lev. 21:20).