Other

[uhth -er] /ˈʌð ər/

adjective
1.
additional or further:
he and one other person.
2.
different or distinct from the one or ones already mentioned or implied: I’d like to live in some other city. The TV show follows the lives of people who are married, single, or other.
The application gives three gender choices—male, female, and other.
3.
different in nature or kind:
I would not have him other than he is.
4.
being the remaining one of two or more:
the other hand.
5.
(used with plural nouns) being the remaining ones of a number:
the other men; some other countries.
6.
former; earlier:
sailing ships of other days.
7.
not long past:
the other night.
noun
8.
the other one:
Each praises the other.
9.
Also, the Other. Sometimes, the other.

pronoun
10.
Usually, others. other persons or things:
others in the medical profession.
11.
some person or thing else:
Surely some friend or other will help me.
adverb
12.
otherwise; differently (usually followed by than):
We can’t collect the rent other than by suing the tenant.
Idioms
13.
every other, every alternate:
a meeting every other week.
/ˈʌðə/
determiner
1.

2.
(a) different (one or ones from that or those already specified or understood): he found some other house, no other man but you, other days were happier
3.
additional; further: there are no other possibilities
4.
(preceded by every) alternate; two: it buzzes every other minute
5.
other than

6.
(archaic) no other, nothing else: I can do no other
7.
(preceded by a phrase or word with some) or other, used to add vagueness to the preceding pronoun, noun, noun phrase, or adverb: some dog or other bit him, he’s somewhere or other
8.
other things being equal, conditions being the same or unchanged
9.
the other day, a few days ago
10.
the other thing, an unexpressed alternative
pronoun
11.
another: show me one other
12.
(pl) additional or further ones: the police have found two and are looking for others
13.
(pl) other people or things
14.
the others, the remaining ones (of a group): take these and leave the others
15.
(pl) different ones (from those specified or understood): they’d rather have others, not these See also each other, one another
adverb
16.
(usually used with a negative and foll by than) otherwise; differently: they couldn’t behave other than they do
adj.

Old English oþer “the second” (adj.), also as a pronoun, “one of the two, other,” from Proto-Germanic *antharaz (cf. Old Saxon athar, Old Frisian other, Old Norse annarr, Middle Dutch and Dutch ander, Old High German andar, German ander, Gothic anþar “other”).

These are from PIE *an-tero-, variant of *al-tero- “the other of two” (cf. Lithuanian antras, Sanskrit antarah “other, foreign,” Latin alter), from root *al- “beyond” (see alias) + adjectival comparative suffix *-tero-. The Old English, Old Saxon, and Old Frisian forms show “a normal loss of n before fricatives” [Barnhart]. Meaning “different” is mid-13c.

Sense of “second” was detached from this word in English (which uses second, from Latin) and German (zweiter, from zwei “two”) to avoid ambiguity. In Scandinavian, however, the second floor is still the “other” floor (e.g. Swedish andra, Danish anden). Also cf. Old English oþergeara “next year.”

The other woman “a woman with whom a man begins a love affair while he is already committed” is from 1855. The other day originally (mid-12c.) was “the next day;” later (c.1300) “yesterday;” and now, loosely, “a day or two ago” (early 15c.). Phrase other half in reference to either the poor or the rich, is recorded from c.1600.

La moitié du monde ne sçayt comment l’aultre vit. [Rabelais, “Pantagruel,” 1532]