Tumor, carcinoid
surgery (to take out the cancer); radiation therapy (using high-dose x-rays to kill the cancer cells); biological therapy (using the body’s natural immune system to fight the cancer); and chemotherapy (using drugs to kill cancer cells).
Carcinoid tumors are considered a type of endocrine tumor since they secrete a hormone (serotonin). They can occur as part of certain genetic disorders such as the multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1 or von Recklinghausen disease).
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- Tumor suppressor gene
A protective gene that normally limits the growth of tumors. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated (altered), it may fail to keep a cancer from growing. BRCA1, an example of a tumor suppressor gene, was the first breast cancer gene to be identified; mutated forms of this gene are responsible for some cases of […]
- UAA
A triplet consisting of uracil, adenine, adenine, in that order, that acts as a stop codon in messenger RNA (mRNA), signaling the termination of translation of an mRNA molecule and the release of the nascent polypeptide chain.
- UAG
A triplet consisting of uracil, adenine, guanine, in that order, that acts as a stop codon in messenger RNA (mRNA), signaling the termination of translation of an mRNA molecule and the release of the nascent polypeptide chain.
- UAL
UAL stands for ultrasonic-assisted liposuction. Liposuction involves the surgical suctioning of fat deposits from specific parts of the body, the most common being the abdomen (the “tummy”), buttocks (“behind”), hips, thighs and knees, chin, upper arms, back, and calves. Liposuction breaks up and “sucks” fat out of the body. This is done through a cannula […]
- Ubiquitin
A small but extremely important protein that acts the “kiss of death” to other proteins. Ubiquitin consists of only 76 amino acids. In the normal course of events, proteins are inactivated by the attachment of ubiquitin to them, a process called ubiquitination. Ubiquitin acts as a tag by which the protein-transport machinery ferries a protein […]