Japanese encephalitis
A mosquito-borne flavivirus infection that is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. Japanese encephalitis virus cannot be transmitted from person-to-person. The Japanese encephalitis virus is related to the viruses of St. Louis encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis and to the West Nile virus. Infection leads to overt encephalitis in only 1 of 20 to 1,000 cases, and a vaccine is available. Travelers to Asia from non-endemic countries have a very low risk of infection (less than 1 case per million travelers).
Read Also:
- Jaundice
Yellow staining of the skin and sclerae (the whites of the eyes) by abnormally high blood levels of the bile pigment bilirubin. The yellowing extends to other tissues and body fluids. Jaundice was once called the “morbus regius” (the regal disease) in the belief that only the touch of a king could cure it. When […]
- Jaundice, congenital hemolytic
50 chance to have HS. The treatment of hereditary spherocytosis is to remove the spleen (splenectomy). Although the red cell defect persists, the breakup of the red cells (hemolysis) ceases. Splenectomy, however, is a hazard in young children. Young children without a spleen are at increased risk for overwhelming sepsis (bloodstream infection), particularly with the […]
- Jaundice, hemolytic
Jaundice caused by destruction of red blood cells. This can be an inborn condition (hereditary spherocytosis) or it may be caused by a blood transfusion from a different blood group, infection in the blood, or some types of poisoning. See also spherocytosis, hereditary.
- Jaundice, neonatal
Yellowish staining of the skin and whites of the newborn’s eyes (sclerae) by pigment of bile (bilirubin). In newborn babies a degree of jaundice is normal. It is due to the breakdown of red blood cells, which release bilirubin into the blood, and to the immaturity of the newborn’s liver, which cannot effectively metabolize the […]
- Jaundice, obstructive
Jaundice caused by obstruction of the drainage through the bile ducts, as may occur with gallstones. Symptoms of obstructive jaundice include the typical yellowing of jaundice as well as dark urine, pale feces, and itching. Also known as post-hepatic jaundice. Sometimes the cause of obstructive jaundice is cancer, a condition referred to as malignant obstructive […]