Rossi counter
An instrument used to measure the energy deposited by radiation in microscopic sites such as cells. Named for its creator Harald H. Rossi (1917-2000), a radiobiophysicist who contributed much to our ability to measure minute amounts of ionizing radiation and their effects on living things.
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- Rotator cuff
A group of four tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint. Each of these tendons attaches to a muscle that moves the shoulder in a specific direction. The four muscles whose tendons form the rotator cuff are the subscapularis muscle, which moves the arm by turning it inward (internal rotation); the supraspinatus muscle, which is responsible […]
- Subscapularis muscle
The subscapularis muscle; The supraspinatus muscle, which is responsible for elevating the arm and moving it away from the body; The infraspinatus muscle, which assists the lifting of the arm during turning the arm outward (external rotation); The teres minor muscle, which also helps in the outward turning (external rotation) of the arm. Damage to […]
- Rotator cuff disease
Damage to the rotator cuff that can be due to trauma, as from falling and injuring the shoulder; overuse in sports, particularly those that involve repetitive overhead motions; inflammation, as from tendonitis, bursitis, or arthritis of the shoulder; or degeneration, as from aging. The main symptom of rotator cuff disease is shoulder pain of gradual […]
- Rotavirus
A virus that is a leading cause of severe diarrhea and dehydration in young children. Abbreviated RV. Almost everyone catches RV before entering school, but, with rehydration and good nutrition, nearly all recover fully. Aside from causing acute infantile gastroenteritis and diarrhea in young children, RV is typically accompanied by low-grade fever. Immunization of infants […]
- Roth's spot
A hemorrhage in the retina with a white center. Originally associated with bacterial endocarditis, Roth’s spots may be seen in leukemia, diabetes, collagen-vascular diseases, and other conditions that predispose to hemorrhage in the retina.