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Medicine/Medical. the act of listening, either directly or through a stethoscope or other instrument, to sounds within the body as a method of diagnosis.
Historical Examples

On auscultation a blowing murmur may, in some instances, be heard over the tumor.
A System of Practical Medicine By American Authors, Vol. II Various

This difference is less manifest to the eye than to the ear in auscultation.
A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Various

auscultation revealed a diminished respiratory murmur, and bronchial expiration in both lungs.
Parasites T. Spencer Cobbold

“auscultation will give us the clue,” said he, and drew his stethoscope.
Hard Cash Charles Reade

auscultation consists in the examination of the lungs with the ear applied closely to the chest wall.
Special Report on Diseases of the Horse United States Department of Agriculture

Fluoroscopic examination has confirmed the findings on auscultation.
Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: Louis Marshall Warfield

auscultation also becomes more positive, the sounds being louder and more easily ascertained.
The Matron’s Manual of Midwifery, and the Diseases of Women During Pregnancy and in Childbed Frederick Hollick

On auscultation the second sound at the aortic cartilage is ringing, clear, and accentuated.
Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: Louis Marshall Warfield

auscultation, discerning by the sound whether there is or is not disease in the interior organs of the body.
The Nuttall Encyclopaedia Edited by Rev. James Wood

Percussion and auscultation discover consolidation at one apex or over larger areas of the lungs.
A System of Practical Medicine By American Authors, Vol. II Various

noun
the diagnostic technique in medicine of listening to the various internal sounds made by the body, usually with the aid of a stethoscope
the act of listening
n.

“act of listening,” 1630s, from Latin auscultationem (nominative auscultatio), noun of action from past participle stem of auscultare (see auscultate). Medical sense is from 1821.

auscultation aus·cul·ta·tion (ô’skəl-tā’shən)
n.
The act of listening for sounds made by internal organs, such as the heart and lungs, to aid in the diagnosis of certain disorders.