Knowledge

[nol-ij] /ˈnɒl ɪdʒ/

noun
1.
acquaintance with facts, truths, or principles, as from study or investigation; general erudition:
knowledge of many things.
2.
familiarity or conversance, as with a particular subject or branch of learning:
A knowledge of accounting was necessary for the job.
3.
acquaintance or familiarity gained by sight, experience, or report:
a knowledge of human nature.
4.
the fact or state of knowing; the perception of fact or truth; clear and certain mental apprehension.
5.
awareness, as of a fact or circumstance:
He had knowledge of her good fortune.
6.
something that is or may be known; information:
He sought knowledge of her activities.
7.
the body of truths or facts accumulated in the course of time.
8.
the sum of what is known:
Knowledge of the true situation is limited.
9.
Archaic. sexual intercourse.
Compare .
adjective
10.
creating, involving, using, or disseminating special knowledge or information:
A computer expert can always find a good job in the knowledge industry.
Idioms
11.
to one’s knowledge, according to the information available to one:
To my knowledge he hasn’t been here before.
/ˈnɒlɪdʒ/
noun
1.
the facts, feelings or experiences known by a person or group of people
2.
the state of knowing
3.
awareness, consciousness, or familiarity gained by experience or learning
4.
erudition or informed learning
5.
specific information about a subject
6.
sexual intercourse (obsolete except in the legal phrase carnal knowledge)
7.
come to one’s knowledge, to become known to one
8.
to my knowledge

9.
(Irish) grow out of one’s knowledge, to behave in a presumptuous or conceited manner
n.

early 12c., cnawlece “acknowledgment of a superior, honor, worship;” for first element see know. Second element obscure, perhaps from Scandinavian and cognate with the -lock “action, process,” found in wedlock. Meaning “capacity for knowing, understanding; familiarity; fact of knowing” is late 14c. Sense of “an organized body of facts or teachings” is from c.1400, as is that of “sexual intercourse.” Also a verb in Middle English, knoulechen “acknowledge” (c.1200), later “find out about; recognize,” and “to have sexual intercourse with” (c.1300).

artificial intelligence, information science
The objects, concepts and relationships that are assumed to exist in some area of interest. A collection of knowledge, represented using some knowledge representation language is known as a knowledge base and a program for extending and/or querying a knowledge base is a knowledge-based system.
Knowledge differs from data or information in that new knowledge may be created from existing knowledge using logical inference. If information is data plus meaning then knowledge is information plus processing.
A common form of knowledge, e.g. in a Prolog program, is a collection of facts and rules about some subject.
For example, a knowledge base about a family might contain the facts that John is David’s son and Tom is John’s son and the rule that the son of someone’s son is their grandson. From this knowledge it could infer the new fact that Tom is David’s grandson.
See also Knowledge Level.
(1994-10-19)
see: