Reasoning

[ree-zuh-ning, reez-ning] /ˈri zə nɪŋ, ˈriz nɪŋ/

noun
1.
the act or process of a person who .
2.
the process of forming conclusions, judgments, or inferences from facts or premises.
3.
the , arguments, proofs, etc., resulting from this process.
[ree-zuh n] /ˈri zən/
noun
1.
a basis or cause, as for some belief, action, fact, event, etc.:
the reason for declaring war.
2.
a statement presented in justification or explanation of a belief or action:
I dare you to give me one good reason for quitting school!
3.
the mental powers concerned with forming conclusions, judgments, or inferences:
Effective leadership requires a person of reason.
4.
sound judgment; good sense.
5.
normal or sound powers of mind; sanity.
6.
Logic. a premise of an argument.
7.
Philosophy.

verb (used without object)
8.
to think or argue in a logical manner.
9.
to form conclusions, judgments, or inferences from facts or premises.
10.
to urge reasons which should determine belief or action.
verb (used with object)
11.
to think through logically, as a problem (often followed by out).
12.
to conclude or infer.
13.
to convince, persuade, etc., by reasoning.
14.
to support with reasons.
Idioms
15.
bring (someone) to reason, to induce a change of opinion in (someone) through presentation of arguments; convince:
The mother tried to bring her rebellious daughter to reason.
16.
by reason of, on account of; because of:
He was consulted about the problem by reason of his long experience.
17.
in / within reason, in accord with reason; justifiable; proper:
She tried to keep her demands in reason.
18.
stand to reason, to be clear, obvious, or logical:
With such an upbringing it stands to reason that the child will be spoiled.
19.
with reason, with justification; properly:
The government is concerned about the latest crisis, and with reason.
/ˈriːzənɪŋ/
noun
1.
the act or process of drawing conclusions from facts, evidence, etc
2.
the arguments, proofs, etc, so adduced
/ˈriːzən/
noun
1.
the faculty of rational argument, deduction, judgment, etc
2.
sound mind; sanity
3.
a cause or motive, as for a belief, action, etc
4.
an argument in favour of or a justification for something
5.
(philosophy) the intellect regarded as a source of knowledge, as contrasted with experience
6.
(logic) grounds for a belief; a premise of an argument supporting that belief
7.
by reason of, because of
8.
in reason, within reason, within moderate or justifiable bounds
9.
it stands to reason, it is logical or obvious: it stands to reason that he will lose
10.
listen to reason, to be persuaded peaceably
11.
reasons of State, political justifications for an immoral act
verb
12.
(when transitive, takes a clause as object) to think logically or draw (logical conclusions) from facts or premises
13.
(intransitive) usually foll by with. to urge or seek to persuade by reasoning
14.
(transitive) often foll by out. to work out or resolve (a problem) by reasoning
n.

late 14c., “exercise of the power of reason; act or process of thinking logically;” also “an instance of this;” verbal noun from reason (v.).
n.

c.1200, “intellectual faculty that adopts actions to ends,” also “statement in an argument, statement of explanation or justification,” from Anglo-French resoun, Old French raison “course; matter; subject; language, speech; thought, opinion,” from Latin rationem (nominative ratio) “reckoning, understanding, motive, cause,” from ratus, past participle of reri “to reckon, think,” from PIE root *re(i)- “to reason, count” (cf. Old English rædan “to advise; see read (v.)).

Meaning “sanity; degree of intelligence that distinguishes men from brutes” is recorded from late 13c. Sense of “grounds for action, motive, cause of an event” is from c.1300. Middle English sense of “meaning, signification” (early 14c.) is in the phrase rhyme or reason. Phrase it stands to reason is from 1630s. Age of Reason “the Enlightenment” is first recorded 1794, as the title of Tom Paine’s book.
v.

early 14c., resunmen, “to question (someone),” also “to challenge,” from Old French raisoner “speak, discuss; argue; address; speak to,” from Late Latin rationare “to discourse,” from ratio (see reason (n.)). Intransitive sense of “to think in a logical manner” is from 1590s; transitive sense of “employ reasoning (with someone)” is from 1847. Related: Reasoned; reasoning.
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