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any instrument for measuring the speed of wind.
Historical Examples

The anemometer is an instrument for measuring the force and velocity of the wind.
Orthography Elmer W. Cavins

This is done by the familiar weather-vane and the anemometer.
St. Nicholas Magazine for Boys and Girls, Vol. 5, July 1878, No. 9 Various

A little way beyond the screen, again, stood the wind-vane and anemometer.
The South Pole, Volumes 1 and 2 Roald Amundsen

“Why, to make one on the principle of the anemometer,” replied Ralph.
Carpentry and Woodwork Edwin W. Foster

Tom arose and went to the anemometer, or wind-registering instrument.
Tom Swift and his Wizard Camera Victor Appleton

The Robinson anemometer was perhaps the greatest source of worry.
The Home of the Blizzard Douglas Mawson

Hooke has been generally regarded as the first inventor of an anemometer, in 1662.
The Introduction of Self-Registering Meteorological Instruments Robert P. Multhauf

Wren also had an anemometer, but we have no description of it.
The Introduction of Self-Registering Meteorological Instruments Robert P. Multhauf

This anemometer should be fixed in an exposed situation, as high above ground as may be convenient for reading.
A Treatise on Meteorological Instruments Henry Negretti

He read it through, and just handed it back to me, and went on monkeying with his anemometer.
Lin McLean Owen Wister

noun
Also called wind gauge. an instrument for recording the speed and often the direction of winds
any instrument that measures the rate of movement of a fluid
n.

1727, from anemo- “wind” + -meter.
anemometer
(ān’ə-mŏm’ĭ-tər)
An instrument that measures the speed of the wind or of another flowing fluid. The most basic type of anemometer consists of a series of cups mounted at the end of arms that rotate in the wind. The speed with which the cups rotate indicates the wind speed. In this form, the anemometer also indicates the direction of the wind. ◇ Other anemometers include the pressure-tube anemometer, which uses the pressure generated by the wind to measure its speed, and the hot-wire anemometer, which uses the rate at which heat from a hot wire is transferred to the surrounding air to measure wind speed.