Parallelism

[par-uh-le-liz-uh m, -luh-liz-] /ˈpær ə lɛˌlɪz əm, -ləˌlɪz-/

noun
1.
the position or relation of .
2.
agreement in direction, tendency, or character; the state or condition of being .
3.
a or comparison.
4.
Metaphysics. the doctrine that mental and bodily processes are concomitant, each varying with variation of the other, but that there is no causal relation of interaction between the two.
/ˈpærəlɛˌlɪzəm/
noun
1.
the state of being parallel
2.
(grammar) the repetition of a syntactic construction in successive sentences for rhetorical effect
3.
(philosophy) the dualistic doctrine that mental and physical processes are regularly correlated but are not causally connected, so that, for example, pain always accompanies, but is not caused by, a pin-prick Compare interactionism, occasionalism
n.

c.1600, from Greek parallelismos, from parallelizein (see parallel).

1. parallel processing.
2. The maximum number of independent subtasks in a given task at a given point in its execution. E.g. in computing the expression
(a + b) *
(c + d) the expressions a, b, c and d can all be calculated in parallel giving a degree of parallelism of (at least) four. Once they have been evaluated then the expressions a + b and c + d can be calculated as two independent parallel processes.
The Bernstein condition states that processes P and Q can be executed in parallel (or in either sequential order) only if:
(i) there is no overlap between the inputs of P and the outputs of Q and vice versa and
(ii) there is no overlap between the outputs of P, the outputs of Q and the inputs of any other task.
If process P outputs value v which process Q reads then P must be executed before Q. If both processes write to some variable then its final value will depend on their execution order so they cannot be executed in parallel if any other process depends on that variable’s value.
(1995-05-07)