Autosomal dominant
Autosomal dominant: A pattern of inheritance in which an affected individual has one copy of a mutant gene and one normal gene on a pair of autosomal chromosomes. (In contrast, autosomal recessive diseases require that the individual have two copies of the mutant gene.) Individuals with autosomal dominant diseases have a 50-50 chance of passing the mutant gene and therefore the disorder on to each of their children. Examples of autosomal dominant diseases include Huntington disease, neurofibromatosis, and polycystic kidney disease.
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- Autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia
Autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia: A degenerative disorder of nerves with progressive spasticity of the legs. Abbreviated as AD-HSP. Spasticity is a state of increased muscle tone. Paraplegia refers to the legs (quadriplegia refers to both the arms and legs). In hereditary spastic paraplegia there is an insidiously progressive condition characterized by weakness beginning in […]
- Autosomal recessive
Autosomal recessive: A genetic condition that appears only in individuals who have received two copies of an autosomal gene, one copy from each parent. The gene is on an autosome, a nonsex chromosome. The parents are carriers who have only one copy of the gene and do not exhibit the trait because the gene is […]
- Autosome
Autosome: Any chromosome other than the X and Y sex chromosomes. People normally have22 pairs of autosomes (44 autosomes) in each cell.
- Autotransplant
Autotransplant: Tissue transplanted from one part of the body to another in the same individual. Also called an autograft.
- Autotransplantation
Autotransplantation: The process of transplanting tissue from one part of the body to another in the same individual. The transplanted tissue is termed an autotransplant or an autograft. Ovarian autotransplantation has been done to the upper arm to protect the ovary while the patient had radiotherapy to the abdomen. A parathyroid gland (usually there are […]