Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics: The sum of the computational approaches to analyze, manage, and store biological data. Bioinformatics involves the analysis of biological information using computers and statistical techniques, the science of developing and utilizing computer databases and algorithms to accelerate and enhance biological research.
Bioinformatics is used in analyzing genomes, proteomes (protein sequences), three-dimensional modeling of biomolecules and biologic systems, etc.
Training in informatics requires backgrounds in molecular biology and computer science, including database design and analytical approaches.
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Biologic evolution: Biologic evolution was contrasted with cultural (social) evolution in 1968 by A.G. Motulsky who pointed out that biologic evolution is mediated by genes, shows a slow rate of change, employs random variation (mutations) and selection as agents of change, new variants are often harmful, these new variants are transmitted from parents to offspring, […]
- Biological response modifiers
Biological response modifiers: Substances that stimulate the body’s response to infection and disease. The body naturally produces small amounts of these substances. Scientists can produce some of them in the laboratory in large amounts for use in treating cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases. BMRs used in biological therapy include monoclonal antibodies, interferon, interleukin-2 (IL-2), […]
- Biological chemistry
Biological chemistry: Another name for biochemistry — the study of the chemistry of living cells, tissues, organs and organisms. One of the premier journals of biochemistry today is the JBC, the Journal of Biological Chemistry, which was founded in 1905.
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- Biomarker
Biomarker: A biologic feature that can be used to measure the presence or progress of disease or the effects of treatment. For example, prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker for cancer of the prostate.