Calcium deficiency
Calcium deficiency: A low blood level of calcium (hypocalcemia), which can make the nervous system highly irritable, causing spasms of the hands and feet (tetany), muscle cramps, abdominal cramps, overly active reflexes, and so on. Chronic calcium deficiency contributes to poor mineralization of bones, soft bones (osteomalacia) and osteoporosis, and, in children, rickets and impaired growth.
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- Calcium excess
Calcium excess: An elevated blood calcium level (hypercalcemia), which can cause muscle weakness and constipation, affect the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart (heart block), lead to calcium stones in the urinary tract, impair kidney function through nephrocalcinosis, and interfere with the absorption of iron, predisposing the person to iron deficiency.
- Calculi
Calculi: The plural of calculus. Medically, a calculus is a stone, for example, a kidney stone.
- Calculi, renal
Calculi, renal: Kidney stones, by another name. A common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. Occurs in 1 in 20 people at some time in their life. Development of the stones is related to decreased urine volume or increased excretion of stone-forming components such as calcium, oxalate, […]
- Calculus
Calculus: A stone, as in the urinary tract, or calcium salt deposits on the teeth. In Latin, the word calculus means ‘a pebble.’ Pebbles were once used for counting, from which came the mathematical field of calculus.
- Calculus, renal
Calculus, renal: A stone in the kidney (or lower down in the urinary tract). Also called a kidney stone. The stones themselves are called renal caluli. The word “calculus” (plural: calculi) is the Latin word for pebble. Renal stones are a common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or […]