Chondroitin sulfate
Chondroitin sulfate: A glycosaminoglycan (formerly called a mucopolysaccharide) found in cartilage, bone, blood vessels and connective tissues. There are two forms: chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C. One or both types accumulate abnormally in several of the mucopolysaccharidosis disorders. Chondroitin sulfate B is now called dermatan sulfate.
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Chondromalacia: : Abnormal softening or degeneration of cartilage. See also patellofemoral syndrome.
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Chondromalacia patellae: The patellofemoral syndrome (PFS), the most common cause of chronic knee pain. PFS characteristically causes vague discomfort of the inner knee area, aggravated by activity (running, jumping, climbing or descending stairs) or by prolonged sitting with knees in a moderately bent position (the so-called “theater sign” of pain upon arising from a desk […]
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Chondroplasia: The formation of cartilage by specialized cells called chondrocytes.
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Chondrosarcoma: A malignant tumor that forms in cartilage cells (chondroplasts) and that produces cartilage matrix. Chondrosarcoma can be primary or secondary. Primary chondrosarcoma forms in bone and is found in children. Secondary chondrosarcoma arises from preexisting benign defects of cartilage (such as an osteochondroma or enchondroma), usually after age 40. Treatment is mainly by surgery.
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Chorda tympani: A branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain. The chorda tympani is part of one of three cranial nerves involved in taste.