Chromosome 11 childhood leukemia
Chromosome 11 childhood leukemia: A new type of childhood leukemia in which a piece of chromosome 11 has been translocated (broken off and attached itself to another chromosome). Children with this type of leukemia have a particularly poor prognosis (outlook). They have very high white blood counts and a high frequency of central nervous system involvement. They do not respond at all well to the standard therapies for ALL (acute lymphoblastic or lymphocytic leukemia) and often suffer from early relapse after chemotherapy. As many as 80% of infants under 6 months of age with acute leukemia have a translocation affecting chromosome 11 at the 11q23 position- the site of the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) gene. The name is derived from the observation that Children with chromosome 11 translocation leukemia have gene expression profiles that are different from the profiles of other acute leukemias such as ALL and acute myeloid leukemia. The frequency of such translocations decreases in acute leukemia affecting infants 6 months to 1 year of age and lessens further with advancing age. The MLL translocation positive acute leukemia has distinct clinical and laboratory findings. It is not a subset of ALL.
Read Also:
- Chromosome 2
Chromosome 2: The second largest chromosome in the human genome. Chromosome 2 contains over 240 million base pairs and more than 2500 genes, including the ETM2 gene for essential tremor, the MSH2 and MSH6 genes for colon cancer, and the PAX3 gene for Waardenburg syndrome. The ETM2 gene for essential tremor (uncontrollable shaking) of the […]
- Chromosome 3
Chromosome 3: One of the largest human chromosomes, comprising approximately 6.5% of the human genome. Chromosome 3 has between 1,100 and 1,500 genes of the estimated 30,000 to 40,000 genes in the human genome. Among the genes on chromosome 3 are the HGD gene for alkaptonuria, the BTD gene for biotinidase deficiency, the CPOX gene […]
- Chromosome 4p- syndrome
Chromosome 4p- syndrome: The 4p- syndrome or Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, is a chromosome disorder due to partial deletion of the short (p) arm of chromosome 4. It is, therefore, also called the 4p- syndrome. Features of the syndrome include midline defects with a scalp defect, widespaced eyes, broad or beaked nose, oral facial clefts (cleft lip/palate); […]
- Chromosome 5q- syndrome
Chromosome 5q- syndrome: A blood disorder due to the loss of part of the long (q) arm of chromosome 5 in myeloid (bone marrow) cells, causing refractory (treatment-resistant) anemia, and myelodysplastic syndrome that is generally associated with a good prognosis but on occasion may lead to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The immune modulating lenalidomide (Revlimid) […]
- Chromosome band
Chromosome band: One of the transverse bands produced on chromosomes by differential staining techniques. Depending on the particular staining technique, the bands are alternating light and dark or fluorescent and nonfluorescent. Each human chromosome has a short arm (“p” for “petit”) and long arm (“q” for “queue”) separated by a centromere. The ends of the […]