DNA repair
DNA repair: The process by which a cell uses a series of special enzymes to repair mutations (changes) in DNA and restore the DNA to its original state. The DNA is constantly mutating and being repaired. This repair process is controlled by special genes. A mutation in a DNA repair gene can cripple the repair process and cause a cascade of unrepaired mutations in the genome.
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- DNA repair gene
DNA repair gene: A gene that is engaged in DNA repair. When a DNA repair gene is altered, mutations pile up throughout the DNA.
- DNA repair gene, Med1
DNA repair gene, Med1: A gene that codes for one of the key enzymes involved in repairing DNA. The DNA in genes is constantly mutating and being repaired. This repair process is controlled by special genes. A mutation in a DNA repair gene such as Med1 can cripple the repair process and cause a cascade […]
- DNA repair pathway
DNA repair pathway: The sequence of steps in the repair of DNA. Each step is governed by an enzyme.
- DNA replication
DNA replication: A complex process whereby the ‘parent’ strands of DNA in the double helix are separated, and each one is copied to produce a new (daughter) strand. This process is said to be ‘semiconservative’ because one strand from each parent is conserved and remains intact after replication has taken place.
- DNA sequence
DNA sequence: The precise ordering of the bases (A, T, G, C) from which DNA is composed. Base pairs form naturally only between A and T and between G and C, so the base sequence of each single strand of DNA can be simply deduced from that of its partner strand. The DNA nucleotide code […]