Isoform
A protein that has the same function as another protein but which is encoded by a different gene and may have small differences in its sequence. For example, transforming factor beta (TGF-B) exists in three versions, or isoforms (TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3), each of which can set off a signaling cascade that starts in the cytoplasm and terminates in the nucleus of the cell.
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- Isolate
To separate from others as during an infectious disease.
- Isometric exercise
Exercise involving muscular contractions without movement of the involved parts of the body. Isometric exercise is one method of muscular exercise. In contrast, isotonic exercise occurs when a contracting muscle shortens against a constant load, as when lifting a weight. Isometric comes from the Greek “iso-“, equal + “metron”, measure = maintaining the same measure, […]
- Isometropia
iso- (equal) + -metr- (measure) + -opia (vision). Literally, the measure of vision is equal. The opposite of isometropia is anisometropia in which the two eyes have unequal refractive powers. Anisometropia is a serious concern in newborns and young children because it can lead to amblyopia (impaired vision in one eye). With a major degree […]
- Isoprene
One of the major components that makes up natural rubber and is used to make synthetic rubbers. It is also emitted from plants and trees, has been detected in tobacco smoke and automobile exhaust. Isoprene is a possible carcinogen (cancer-causing agent). The US government in 2000 classified it as “reasonably anticipated to be a human […]
- Isotonic exercise
Exercise when a contracting muscle shortens against a constant load, as when lifting a weight. Isotonic exercise is one method of muscular exercise. In contrast, isometric exercise is when muscular contractions occur without movement of the involved parts of the body. Isotonic comes from the Greek “iso-“, equal + “tonos”, tone = maintaining equal (muscle) […]