Nodule
A small collection of tissue that is palpable (can be felt) at any level of the skin (in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutis) or in another tissue of the body. Nodules characteristically range in size from 1 to 2 cm in diameter.
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- Nodule, Heberden
A small hard fixed bump on the finger, usually at the last joint of the finger. A Heberden nodule is a calcified spur of the joint (articular) cartilage. It serves as a useful sign of osteoarthritis. Named for the English physician William Heberden (1710-1801) who made a number of celebrated medical discoveries (including angina).
- Noisome
Offensive to the senses and especially disgusting, offensive, or harmful to the sense of smell. For example, the smell of a chemical such as formaldehyde can be noisome. “Noisome” comes from the Middle English “noy” meaning “annoyance,” and “enui” which in French also means “annoyance.”
- Neuron
A nerve cell that receives and sends electrical signals over long distances within the body. A neuron receives electrical input signals from sensory cells (called sensory neurons) and from other neurons. The neuron sends electrical output signals to muscle neurons (called motoneurons or motor neurons) and to other neurons. A neuron that simply signals another […]
- Neuromuscular
Pertaining to both nerves and muscles, as in neuromuscular blockade by an anesthetic agent, the neuromuscular junction (the meeting place of a nerve and a muscle fiber), and neuromuscular transmission (the transfer of “information” from the nerve to the muscle).
- Neuroma, optic
A benign tumor of the optic nerve.