Orphan disease
A disease that has not been ?adopted? by the pharmaceutical industry because it provides little financial incentive for the private sector to make and market new medications to treat or prevent it. An orphan disease may be a rare disease (according to US criteria, a disease that affects fewer than 200,000 people) or a common disease that has been ignored (such as tuberculosis, cholera, typhoid, and malaria) because it is far more prevalent in developing countries than in the developed world.
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- Orphan drug
A drug developed to specifically treat a rare medical condition. This rare medical condition is referred to as an orphan disease.
- Ortho- (prefix)
straight or erect. Examples of terms involving ortho- include orthodontics (straightening the teeth), orthopaedics (straightening the child), orthopnea (breathing easily only in an upright position), orthostatic (an upright posture), etc.
- Orthodontic treatment (dental braces)
The use of devices to move teeth or adjust underlying bone. The ideal age for starting orthodontic treatment is between ages 8 to 14 years while growth is still occurring. An evaluation for orthodontic treatment is recommended by the age of 7. Teeth can be moved by removable appliances or by fixed braces. Crowding of […]
- Orthodontics
The dental specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of dental deformities as well as irregularity in the relationship of the lower to the upper jaw.
- Ortholog
A gene in two or more species that has evolved from a common ancestor. Also called an orthologous gene.