Prostate cancer gene
One of the genes that influences the origin and/or progression of prostate cancer, cancer of the prostate gland. Prostate cancer genes are scattered around in the human genome. They have been found to date on chromosome Xq27-q28 (on the X chromosome in region Xq27-q28) and on chromosomes 1q25, 1q42.2-q43, 7p22, 8p22, 10q25, 11p11.2 and 17p11.
A gene for hereditary prostate cancer, HPC1 (hereditary prostate cancer 1), has been identified on the long (q) arm of chromosome 1 in region 1q24-q25. The gene encodes the enzyme ribonuclease L (RNASEL), which acts as a tumor suppressor. Germline (hereditary) mutations in this gene result in hereditary prostate cancer.
Another hereditary prostate cancer gene, HPCX (hereditary prostate cancer on the X), is on the X chromosome in region Xq27-q28. Together, HPC1 and HPCX together account for but a fraction of all prostate cancer.
A bevy of other genes play a role in prostate cancer. These include the KAI1 antimetastasis gene on chromosome 11p11.2 and a gene predisposing to early-onset prostate cancer (PCAP) which has been mapped to chromosome 1 at some distance from the HPC1 gene.
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- Prostate gland
A gland in the male reproductive system that is located just below the bladder. It surrounds part of the urethra, the canal that empties the bladder. The prostate gland helps to control urination, and it forms part of the content of semen. Also known as simply the prostate.
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia.
- Prostatectomy
Surgical removal of the prostate gland. Prostatectomy can be done through an incision in the abdomen or through the urethra (transurethral resection).
- Prostatectomy, retropubic
Surgical removal of the prostate gland through an incision in the abdomen. Retropubic prostatectomy is a treatment option for some forms of prostate cancer.