Reactive oxygen species
Species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical. At low levels, these species may function in cell signalling processes. At higher levels, these species may damage cellular macromolecules (such as DNA and RNA) and participate in apoptosis (programmed cell death).
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- Reading frame
One of the three possible ways to read a nucleotide sequence in DNA, depending on whether reading starts with the first, second, or third base in a triplet.
- Reading frame, open
A portion of DNA that occurs between a start codon and a termination codon which can potentially be translated into a protein Abbreviated ORF.
- Reading retardation
Reading retardation means impaired ability to read. Reading retardation is an impairment that may, for example, reflect mental retardation or cultural deprivation. Reading retardation is different from dyslexia, a specific reading disability due to a defect in the brain’s (higher cortical) processing of graphic symbols; in other words, dyslexia is a learning disability that alters […]
- Reagent
A substance that is used to produce a chemical reaction that allows researchers to detect, measure, produce, or change other substances.
- Rebound
The reversal of response upon withdrawal of a stimulus.