Runx-1
A protein that is a transcription factor controlling when genes are switched on or off. Runx-1 acts by binding to regulatory sequences — specific sequences of DNA close to the genes they regulate. These DNA sequences, called Runx-1 binding sites, are scattered throughout the human genome, wherever there is a gene under the control of Runx-1. Runx-1 stands for runt-related transcription factor 1.
A change in Runx-1 appears to cause a type of leukemia. The gene for Runx-1 is rearranged in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially the M2 subtype of AML. (The Runx-1 gene is often called AML1.) A translocation between chromosomes 22 and 8 juxtaposes AML1 with an unfamiliar gene, usually EAP or MDS1, to create a fusion gene.
Changes in Runx-1 also appear to contribute to autoimmune diseases. A Runx-1 binding site on chromosome 2 is altered in many patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Many psoriasis patients have a changed Runx-1 binding site on chromosome 17. And a Runx-1 binding site on chromosome 17 is changed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, there are genetic connections, some involving Runx-1, between diverse autoimmune diseases.
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A break or tear in any organ (such as the spleen) or soft tissue (such as the achilles tendon).
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Rupture of the capsule of the spleen that is a potential catastrophe and requires immediate medical and surgical attention. Splenic rupture permits large amounts of blood to leak into the abdominal cavity, and it is severely painful and life threatening. Shock, and ultimately death, can result. Patients typically require immediate surgery. Rupture of a normal […]
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Right upper quadrant, the upper-right quarter of the abdomen.