Science, cognitive
The study of the mind. Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary science that draws on many fields, including neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, computer science, artificial intelligence, and linguistics. The purpose of cognitive science is to develop models that help explain human perception, thinking, and learning with the premise that the mind is an information processor. This processor receives, stores, retrieves, transforms, and transmits information. The information and the corresponding information processes can be studied as patterns.
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- Scintigraphy
into the bile ducts, the gallbladder, and the intestine. By placing over the abdomen a camera that senses radioactivity, a picture of the liver, bile ducts, and gallbladder can be obtained that corresponds to the location of the radioactivity.
- Scintimammography
A scintigraphic imaging technique that uses the radioisotope technetium tetrofosmin (Tc-99 tetrofosmin) to search for breast cancer. Scintimammography can sometimes detect breast cancer in situations in which there is considerable uncertainty, as with dense breast tissue. Dense breast tissue is particularly difficult to decipher by standard mammography. Women with dense breasts have a high incidence […]
- Scler-
(Or sclero-) A confusing prefix that can refer exclusively to hardness (from the Greek “skleros” meaning hard) but that can also refer to the sclera of the eye. Sclerodactyly, for example, is localized thickening and tightness of the skin of the fingers or toes and scleroderma is disease of connective tissue with the formation of […]
- Sclera
The tough white outer coat over the eyeball that covers approximately the posterior five-sixths of its surface. The sclera is continuous in the front of the eye with the cornea and in the back of the eye with the external sheath of the optic nerve. The word “sclera” is from the Greek “skleros” = hard. […]
- Scleredema
A dermatologic disorder characterized by hardening and thickening of the skin, typically over the face, neck, upper back, and shoulders or other areas of skin, but not over the hands or feet. Scleredema comes from scler- (hard) + edema (swelling). Scleredema should not be confused with scleroderma which is a distinct and different disease. The […]