Spondylolysis
The breaking down (dissolution) of a portion of a vertebra. The affected portion of the vertebra is a bone segment called the pars interarticularis, which can separate. Spondylolysis can be a cause of abnormal movement of the spine (spondylolisthesis) and lead to localized back pain.
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- Spondylosis
Degeneration of the disc spaces between the vertebrae. Spondylosis is common with aging and affects virtually everyone to some degree after the age of 60 years. When severe, it can cause local pain and decreased range of motion of the spine, requiring pain and/or anti-inflammatory medications.
- Spongiform
Resembling a sponge in being soft and full of cavities, as in as in transmissible spongiform encephalopathy.
- Spongiform encephalopathy and cerebral amyloidosis
Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome.
- Spongy degeneration of the central nervous system
Also called Canavan disease, this is a severe progressive fatal inherited (genetic) disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). The signs of Canavan disease usually appear when the children are between 3 and 6 months of age. They include developmental delay (significant motor slowness), enlargement of the head (macrocephaly), loss of muscle tone (hypotonia), poor […]
- Spontaneous abortion
A miscarriage, that is, any pregnancy that is not viable (the fetus cannot survive) or in which the fetus is born before the 20th week of pregnancy. Spontaneous abortion occurs in at least 15-20% of all recognized pregnancies and usually takes place before the 13th week of pregnancy. A spontaneous abortion is as opposed to […]