Vertebral compression fracture
A fracture that collapses a spinal vertebra as a result of the compression of bone, leading to collapse of the vertebrae much like a sponge collapses under the pressure of one’s hand. Although they may occur without pain, such vertebral fractures often cause a severe, band-like pain that radiates from the spine around both sides of the body. Over many years, spinal fractures lessen the height of the spine and the person becomes shorter. Vertebral compression fractures are often linked to osteoporosis. Treatment is usually with pain medicine, rest, injury avoidance, and bracing, although in some cases surgery can be used.
See also vertebroplasty.
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- Vertebroplasty
A nonsurgical method for repairing osteoporosis back fractures, such as vertebral compression fractures. Vertebroplasty is performed by a radiologist, without surgery, and involves inserting a glue-like material into the center of the collapsed spinal vertebra to stabilize and strengthen the crushed bone. The material is inserted through anesthetized skin with a needle and syringe, entering […]
- Vertex
The top of the head. For example, in a vertex presentation at birth, the top of the baby’s head emerges first.
- Vertical
In anatomy, upright. As opposed to horizontal. For a more complete listing of terms used in medicine for spatial orientation, please see the entry to “Anatomic Orientation Terms”.
- Vertical transmission
Passage of a disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth. Transmission might occur across the placenta, in the breast milk, or through direct contact during or after birth. For example, HIV can be a vertically transmitted pathogen. Also known as perinatal transmission.