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Geology, Petrology. of the nature of or resembling clay; clayey.
containing a considerable amount of clayey matter.
Historical Examples

argillaceous rocks, composed essentially of particles of mud.
The Principles of Stratigraphical Geology J. E. Marr

From clay and chalk, or argillaceous river-mud and chalk or limestone, calcined together, and then ground to powder.
Cooley’s Cyclopdia of Practical Receipts and Collateral Information in the Arts, Manufactures, Professions, and Trades…, Sixth Edition, Volume I Arnold Cooley

Roggenstein, rog′en-stīn, n. a kind of oolite in which the grains are cemented by argillaceous matter.
Chambers’s Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 3 of 4: N-R) Various

argillaceous or marly limestone is also of common occurrence.
A Manual of Elementary Geology Charles Lyell.

It must also not be full of argillaceous and iron-oxide infillings.
The American Architect and Building News, Vol. 27, Jan-Mar, 1890 Various

argillaceous Rocks are rocks in which clay prevails (including shales and slates).
The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Various

It alternates with both these rocks, and in like manner with argillaceous schist.
A Manual of Elementary Geology Charles Lyell.

The substratum of these ridges is an argillaceous, compact soil of the eldest formation.
Summary Narrative of an Exploratory Expedition to the Sources of the Mississippi River, in 1820 Henry Rowe Schoolcraft

Its powder is a light red, and emits an argillaceous odor when wetted.
Summary Narrative of an Exploratory Expedition to the Sources of the Mississippi River, in 1820 Henry Rowe Schoolcraft

The soil of this bottom is an argillaceous or a silicious loam, according as clay or sand happens to predominate in its formation.
A New Guide for Emigrants to the West J. M. Peck

adjective
(of sedimentary rocks and deposits) composed of very fine-grained material, such as clay, shale, etc Compare arenaceous (sense 1), rudaceous