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the doctrine that matter and all things were , substantially as they now exist, by an omnipotent Creator, and not gradually evolved or developed.
(sometimes initial capital letter) the doctrine that the true story of the of the universe is as it is recounted in the Bible, especially in the first chapter of Genesis.
the doctrine that God immediately out of nothing a new human soul for each individual born.
Contemporary Examples

In July 1925, the town hosted the Scopes Monkey Trial, a landmark case in the history of creationism.
The Scopes Monkey Trial 2.0: It’s Not About the Stupid Science-Deniers Michael Schulson July 20, 2014

Last time I checked, not even Santorum was waving the creationism (or intelligent design) banner in this race.
Obama’s a Muslim? PPP Polls in South Appear Designed to Bring Out Bias Michelle Cottle March 12, 2012

The geologist David R. Montgomery set out to write a “straightforward refutation of creationism.”
How Noah’s Flood Spurred Science: David R. Montgomery’s ‘The Rocks Don’t Lie’ David Sessions August 27, 2012

European scholars find American creationism incomprehensible.
Ken Ham: The Making of An American Religious Huckster Karl W. Giberson February 8, 2014

Simply put, thanks to the existence of antagonists like Nye, creationism is both profitable and, by all appearances, kind of fun.
The Bill Nye-Ken Ham Debate Was a Nightmare for Science Michael Schulson February 4, 2014

Intelligent design (ID) and creationism lack this broad-based evidentiary support.
How Liberty University Creates Creationists Karl W. Giberson March 1, 2014

There are currently two bills being debated in the Missouri legislature on creationism.
Could Creationism Become Law? Ben Jacobs February 5, 2014

Not coincidentally, creationism has also been making a comeback.
Crazy Texas Republicans John Avlon June 21, 2010

When it comes to creationism or, as Sarah Palin calls it, “the C-word,” the ex-governor says her position is “nuanced.”
10 Palin Hits the Leakers Missed Benjamin Sarlin, Samuel P. Jacobs November 16, 2009

Radioactive dating does show that the Earth is billions and not thousands of years old, refuting young-Earth creationism.
How Noah’s Flood Spurred Science: David R. Montgomery’s ‘The Rocks Don’t Lie’ David Sessions August 27, 2012

noun
the belief that God brings individual human souls into existence at conception or birth Compare traducianism
the doctrine that ascribes the origins of all things to God’s acts of creation rather than to evolution
n.

1847, originally a Christian theological position that God immediately created a soul for each person born; from creation + -ism. As a name for the religious reaction to Darwin, opposed to evolution, it is attested from 1880.

James Ussher (1581-1656), Archbishop of Armagh, Primate of All Ireland, and Vice-Chancellor of Trinity College in Dublin was highly regarded in his day as a churchman and as a scholar. Of his many works, his treatise on chronology has proved the most durable. Based on an intricate correlation of Middle Eastern and Mediterranean histories and Holy writ, it was incorporated into an authorized version of the Bible printed in 1701, and thus came to be regarded with almost as much unquestioning reverence as the Bible itself. Having established the first day of creation as Sunday 23 October 4004 B.C. … Ussher calculated the dates of other biblical events, concluding, for example, that Adam and Eve were driven from Paradise on Monday 10 November 4004 BC, and that the ark touched down on Mt Ararat on 5 May 1491 BC “on a Wednesday”. [Craig, G.Y., and E.J. Jones, “A Geological Miscellany,” Princeton University Press, 1982.]

A literal belief in the biblical account of Creation as it appears in the Book of Genesis. Creationists believe that the creation of the world and all its creatures took place in six calendar days; they therefore deny the theory of evolution.

The (false) belief that large, innovative software designs can be completely specified in advance and then painlessly magicked out of the void by the normal efforts of a team of normally talented programmers. In fact, experience has shown repeatedly that good designs arise only from evolutionary, exploratory interaction between one (or at most a small handful of) exceptionally able designer(s) and an active user population – and that the first try at a big new idea is always wrong. Unfortunately, because these truths don’t fit the planning models beloved of management, they are generally ignored.
[Jargon File]