Blood sugar
Blood sugar: Blood glucose. See also: High blood sugar; Low blood sugar.
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- Blood sugar, high
Blood sugar, high: An elevated level of the sugar glucose in the blood. Also called hyperglycemia. High blood sugar is a finding in a number of conditions, most notably diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood glucose leads to spillage of glucose into the urine (glucosuria) so that the urine is sugary. (The term diabetes mellitus means “sweet […]
- Blood sugar, low
Blood sugar, low: The sugar here is glucose. Low blood glucose constitutes hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is mainly significant when it is associated with symptoms. However, low sugar that the patient is unaware of can lead to serious problems. Low sugar has many causes including drugs, liver disease, surgical absence of the stomach, pre-diabetes, and rare tumors […]
- Blood transfusion
The transfer of blood or blood components from one person (the donor) into the bloodstream of another person (the recipient). Blood transfusion may be done as a lifesaving maneuver to replace blood cells or blood products lost through bleeding or due to depression of the bone marrow. Transfusion of one’s own blood (autologous) is the […]
- Blood urea nitrogen
Blood urea nitrogen: A measure of the urea level in blood. Abbreviated BUN. Diseases that compromise the function of the kidney frequently lead to increased BUN levels.
- Blood, urinary
Blood that appears in the urine. Also known as hematuria. Gross hematuria refers to blood that is so plentiful in the urine that the blood is visible with just the naked eye. Microhematuria refers to blood in urine that is visible only under a microscope; there is so little blood that it cannot be seen […]