Genome
Genome: All the genetic information possessed by any organism (for example, the human genome, the elephant genome, the mouse genome, the yeast genome, and the genome of a bacterium). Humans and many other higher animals actually have two genomes’a chromosomal genome and a mitochondrial genome’that together make up their genome.
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- Genome annotation
Genome annotation: The process of identifying the locations of genes and all of the coding regions in a genome and determining what those genes do. An annotation (irrespective of the context) is a note added by way of explanation or commentary. Once a genome is sequenced, it needs to be annotated to make sense of […]
- Genome Database
Genome Database: The Genome Database (GDB) is the official central repository for genomic mapping data resulting from the Human Genome Initiative. It was established at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, USA in 1990. In 1999, the Bioinformatics Supercomputing Centre (BiSC) at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, assumed the management of […]
- Genome Research Institute, National Human
Genome Research Institute, National Human: One of the newest of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), NHGRI’s mission in formal terms is to “support the NIH component of the Human Genome Project, a worldwide research effort designed to analyze the structure of human DNA and determine the location of the a estimated 100,000 human genes. […]
- Genome, chromosomal
Genome, chromosomal: All of the genetic information in the chromosomes of an organism. For humans, that is all of the DNA contained in our normal complement of 46 rod-like chromosomes in virtually every cell in the body. (Mature red blood cells, for one exception, have no nucleus and therefore no chromosomes). The chromosomal genome is […]
- Genome, human
Genome, human: All the genetic information in a person. The human genome is made up of the DNA in chromosomes as well as the DNA in mitochondria.