GOLD


The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), a collaborative project of the US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Its goals are to increase awareness of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and to decrease morbidity and mortality from it. GOLD aims to improve prevention and management of COPD through a concerted worldwide effort of people involved in all facets of health care and health care policy, and to encourage a renewed research interest in this extremely prevalent disease.

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  • GOLD-0

    One of the stages of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). GOLD-0 is stage 0 in the GOLD classification of COPD and indicates “at risk” for COPD. GOLD-0 is characterized by chronic cough and sputum production. Lung function, as measured by spirometry (a test of […]

  • GOLD-1

    One of the stages of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). GOLD-1 is stage I in the GOLD classification of COPD and indicates “mild COPD.” This stage is characterized by mild airflow limitation and usually, but not always, chronic cough and sputum production. At this […]

  • GOLD-2

    One of the stages of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). GOLD-2 is stage II in the GOLD classification of COPD and indicates “moderate COPD.” This stage is characterized by worsening airflow and usually the progression of symptoms, with shortness of breath typically developing on […]

  • GOLD-3

    One of the stages of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). GOLD-3 is stage III in the GOLD classification of COPD and indicates “severe COPD.” This stage is characterized by severe airflow limitation or the presence of respiratory failure or clinical signs of right heart […]

  • Goldenhar syndrome

    Congenital malformation of the jaw, cheek and ear associated with vertebral defects. There is deformity of the external ear and abnormal smallness of that half of the face. Coloboma (cleft) of the upper eyelid is frequent. The ear deformities range from tags in front of the ear, to atresia (closure) of the external auditory canal, […]


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