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to make larger; enlarge in size, number, strength, or extent; increase:
His salary is augmented by a small inheritance.
Music.

to raise (the upper note of an interval or chord) by a half step.
to double the note values of (a theme):
In the fugue’s development the subject is augmented.

Grammar. to add an augment to.
Heraldry. to grant an augmentation to (a coat of arms).
to become larger.
Grammar. a prefixed vowel or a lengthening of the initial vowel that characterizes certain forms in the nonpresent inflection of verbs in Greek, Sanskrit, Armenian, and Phrygian.
Contemporary Examples

SmartGlass will augment your gaming experience in a couple of ways.
What’s So Smart About SmartGlass? 15 Questions Alex Klein June 4, 2012

But Sex Box, with its ridiculous guinea pigs screwing conceit, will only augment our cultural hang-ups about sex.
‘Sex Box,’ a Reality TV Show Where Couples Have Sex in a Box and Discuss It, Is Coming to America Marlow Stern August 20, 2014

He seems to have done an acceptable job in that posting, so why not just continue and augment the relationship?
Six Nominees to Succeed Hillary Clinton as Secretary of State Michael Tomasky November 28, 2012

Yet he has kept his legal team busy filing a (new) bombshell pleading to augment his January 2011 bankruptcy case.
The Secret World of Dr. Arnold Klein Diane Dimond August 25, 2011

But these will likely replace, not augment, the carriers now in service.
Obama Lets the Pirates Off Stephen L. Carter July 21, 2011

Historical Examples

Instead, therefore, of listening to the wise counsels of Wallenstein he hastened to augment his forces.
The Lion of the North G.A. Henty

In Switzerland the number of German firms is large and continues to augment.
England and Germany Emile Joseph Dillon

In granting the increase Congress authorized the President in his discretion to augment that force to 87,800.
Our Navy in the War Lawrence Perry

Instead of calming him I endeavoured to augment his misery by my complaints.
The Memoires of Casanova, Complete Jacques Casanova de Seingalt

The capitalists, then, use 500 for their consumption but augment their capital by another 500.
The Accumulation of Capital Rosa Luxemburg

verb (ɔːɡˈmɛnt)
to make or become greater in number, amount, strength, etc; increase
(transitive) (music) to increase (a major or perfect interval) by a semitone Compare diminish (sense 3)
(transitive) (in Greek and Sanskrit grammar) to prefix a vowel or diphthong to (a verb) to form a past tense
noun (ˈɔːɡmɛnt)
(in Greek and Sanskrit grammar) a vowel or diphthong prefixed to a verb to form a past tense
v.

c.1400, from Old French augmenter “increase, enhance” (14c.), from Late Latin augmentare “to increase,” from Latin augmentum “an increase,” from augere “to increase, make big, enlarge, enrich,” from PIE root *aug- “to increase” (cf. Sanskrit ojas- “strength;” Lithuanian augu “to grow,” aukstas “high, of superior rank;” Greek auxo “increase,” auxein “to increase;” Gothic aukan “to grow, increase;” Old English eacien “to increase”). Related: Augmented; augmenting. As a noun from early 15c.