BASE breast cancer gene
BASE breast cancer gene: A breast cancer gene first reported in 2003 that encodes a protein secreted only by breast cancer and salivary gland cells. Hence the name, BASE (Breast cancer And Salivary gland Expression). The normal breast makes very little, if any, of the BASE protein whereas certain kinds of breast cancers produce quite a lot of it. Determining the levels of BASE in the blood may be of use in screening for breast cancer and for following a patient’s progress on breast cancer treatment.
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- Base excision repair
Base excision repair: A process of DNA repair in which an altered base is excised (removed) by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is then filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Abbreviated BER.
- Base in DNA
Base in DNA: A unit of the DNA. There are 4 bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). The sequence of bases (for example, CAG) is the genetic code.
- Base of tongue
Base of tongue: The back third of the tongue. In contrast to the anterior tongue, which is the front two-thirds of the tongue. The distinction between the anterior and base of the tongue reflects the fact that they are of different embryological origin. The distinction also matters as regards cancer. See: Tongue cancer.
- Base pair
Base pair: Two DNA bases that are complementary to one another (A and T, or G and C) and join in strands to form the double-helix that is characteristic of DNA.
- Base sequence
Base sequence: The particular order of nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule.