Transmission, perinatal
Transmission of a disease-causing agent (a pathogen) from mother to baby during the perinatal period, the period immediately before and after birth. The perinatal period is defined in diverse ways. Depending on the definition, it starts at the 20th to 28th week of gestation and ends 1 to 4 weeks after birth. The perinatally transmitted pathogen might, for example, be HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus). Transmission might occur across the placenta or in the breast milk. Also called vertical transmission.
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- Transmission, vertical
Passage of a disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth. Transmission might occur across the placenta, in the breast milk, or through direct contact during or after birth. For example, HIV can be a vertically transmitted pathogen. Also known as perinatal transmission.
- Transmyocardial laser revascularization
A procedure by which a physician uses a laser to make holes in the heart to relieve the pain of severe angina. Transmyocardial laser revascularization has been done from both the outside and inside of the heart. When done from the outside, a laser (carbon dioxide or holmium laser) is placed in proximity to the […]
- Transplant
The grafting of a tissue from one place to another, just as in botany a bud from one plant might be grafted onto the stem of another. The transplanting of tissue can be from one part of the patient to another (autologous transplantation), as in the case of a skin graft using the patient’s own […]
- Transplant, hand and forearm
Transplantation of the hand and the forearm from one person (a deceased donor) to another (the recipient). In the first hand transplant, performed in Ecuador in 1964, the donor hand was rejected after two weeks. The first successful hand and forearm transplant was done in 1998 in Lyon, France. In 1999, surgeons in Louisville, Kentucky, […]
- Transplant, lung
The first lung transplant was done by the American surgeon James Hardy (1918-) in 1964.