Transplant
The grafting of a tissue from one place to another, just as in botany a bud from one plant might be grafted onto the stem of another. The transplanting of tissue can be from one part of the patient to another (autologous transplantation), as in the case of a skin graft using the patient’s own skin; or from one patient to another (allogenic transplantation), as in the case of transplanting a donor kidney into a recipient.
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- Transplant, hand and forearm
Transplantation of the hand and the forearm from one person (a deceased donor) to another (the recipient). In the first hand transplant, performed in Ecuador in 1964, the donor hand was rejected after two weeks. The first successful hand and forearm transplant was done in 1998 in Lyon, France. In 1999, surgeons in Louisville, Kentucky, […]
- Transplant, lung
The first lung transplant was done by the American surgeon James Hardy (1918-) in 1964.
- Transplant, renal
Replacement of a diseased, damaged, or missing kidney with a donor kidney. Also called a kidney transplant. Patients with end-stage renal failure are candidates for transplantation. A successful transplant frees the patient from dialysis and provides the kidney’s other metabolic functions. The survival rate a year after a transplant from a living related donor is […]
- Transplantation genetics
class I (HLA-A,B,Cw), class II (HLA-DR,DQ,DP) and class III (no HLA genes). The need for HLA matching depends on the type of transplant. In bone marrow transplantation, HLA matching is an absolute necessity, lest the cells be rejected. In corneal transplantation, HLA matching is less relevant because of the lack of blood vessels in the […]
- Transplantation, peripheral blood stem cell
A technique in which stem cells are obtained from a patient’s blood and used in bone marrow transplantation. Stem cells are small, round cells with a squat nucleus and scant surrounding cytoplasm. Although unremarkable in appearance, stem cells can perform what have been called “acts of biological resurrection.” Whereas other types of cells in the […]